ABSTRACT
Objectives: According to the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011, the prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children 6-59 months old was 44%, 12% and 29% respectively. The proportion of non-pregnant women with a Body Mass Index (BMI) below 18.5 kg/m2, indicating chronic energy deficiency was 27%. This survey will measure anthropometric status among children 6-59 months of age, school age children 5-14 years of age, non-pregnant women 15-45 years old, and men 15-54 years old at national and regional levels. Methods: The ENMS is a cross-sectional household survey designed to produce national and regionally representative estimates of nutritional status. Anthropometry measurements will be conducted for all target groups using standard methods. Anthropometric indicators of length/heightfor- age, weight-for-height, and weight-for-age will be determined for children 6-59 months. Thinness, normal, overweight and obesity will be assessed according to BMI among other target groups. Results: The national and regional prevalence of stunting, wasting, and underweight among children 6-59 months of age will be presented. The national and regional proportions of thinness, overweight and obesity among all target groups will also be presented. Conclusions: This survey will provide national and regional data to guide nutrition programs in Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: There are no data which provide information on the current prevalence of VAD at the national and regional levels in Ethiopia. The 2014 Ethiopia National Micronutrient Survey (ENMS) will provide these estimates among children 6-59 months old and non-pregnant women 15-49 years of age in Ethiopia. Methods: The ENMS is a cross-sectional household survey designed to produce national and regionally representative estimates of vitamin A deficiency. The retinol concentration of venous blood serum will be determined by HPLC. Mild VAD will be defined as a serum retinol concentration <0.70 μmol/L and severe VAD as <0.35 μmol/L. Acute phase proteins alpha-1-acidglycoprotein (AGP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) will be measured by immunoassay technique to account for the effects of inflammation when interpreting VAD. Results: The national and regional prevalence of vitamin A deficiency will be presented among children 6-59 months and non-pregnant women 15-49 years of age with and without inflammation in Ethiopia. Conclusions: This survey will provide national and regional data for vitamin A supplementation and fortification programs in Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: According to the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2011, the proportion of households using iodized salt (>15 parts per million [PPM]) was 15.4%. The 2014 Ethiopia National Micronutrient Survey (ENMS) will estimate the national and regional proportions of households using adequately iodized (>15 ppm) salt in Ethiopia. Methods: The ENMS is a cross-sectional household survey designed to produce national and regionally representative estimates. Samples of salt (20 gram) usually consumed will be collected from approximately 4,000households for qualitative testing using the rapid test kit. Salt samples will be sent to the Ethiopian Health and Nutrition Institute Laboratory where iodometric titration will be conducted. Results: The national and regional proportions of households with adequately iodized (>15 ppm) salt will be presented. Conclusions: This survey will provide national and regional data for monitoring and evaluating the progress of the Universal Salt Iodization (USI) program in Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: IDD is a common cause of preventable mental retardation and brain damage in the world. In Ethiopia, there are no data which reflect the current status of IDD at the national or regional levels. The 2014 Ethiopia National Micronutrient Survey (ENMS) will estimate the national and regional prevalence of IDD among children 5-14 years of age and non-pregnant women 15-49 years of age in Ethiopia. Methods: The ENMS is a cross-sectional household survey designed to produce national and regionally representative estimates of iodine deficiency. Urine samples will be collected from children aged 5-14 years of age and from all non-pregnant womenof reproductive age. Approximately 10 ml of urine will be stored at -20ºC until analyzed for urinary iodine excretion by the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. WHO/UNICEF/ICCIDD urinary iodine criteria (among school-age children and non-pregnant women of reproductive age) will be used to interpret the findings. Results: The national and regional iodine status will be presented based on median urinary iodine levels for children 5-14 years old and non-pregnant women 15-49 years of age in Ethiopia. Conclusions: This survey will provide national and regional datafor monitoring the progress toward the elimination of IDD in Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The objective of the study was to collect Moringa stenopetala (M. stenopetala) samples from 19 locations all over Ethiopia to generate a national data on its nutritional profile Methods: Fresh green Moringa stenopetala (M. stenopetala) leaf samples obtained from farming area in different provinces in Ethiopia were dried and physicochemical analysis was carried out employing AOAC methods of analysis. Results: The samples collected had a mean value of 8.09%, 28.44%, 0.7%, 11.62%, 12.63%, 38.49%, 274Kcal of moisture, protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, carbohydrate and energy respectively. Moreover, the samples had a mean value of 54.85 mg/100gm, 1,918 mg/100gm, 2.16 mg/100gm, 0.78 mg/100gm, 38.19 mg/100gm, 2,094 mg/100gm and 214.10 mg/100gm of Fe, Ca, Zn, Cu, P, K and Na respectively. The mean value of the anti-nutritional factors analyzed – phytate and tannin – was 378.44 mg/100gm and 358.89 mg/100gm, respectively. There has been a statistically significant difference in the mean values of all nutrition composition parameters between study regions– Tigray, Amhara, Oromia, SNNPR and Dire Dawa – except for tannin content of the samples. Conclusions: These finding reveals that M. stenopetala species of Moringa tree in Ethiopia has appreciable nutritional profile which can be of a great input to fight the long overdue malnutrition problem in Ethiopia.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To assess sensory acceptability of WFP developed, chickpea based and locally produced RUSF products for treatment of moderately malnourished (MAM) children aged from 6 to 59 months and assess the readiness of their caregivers to administer such food Methods: Mother to child pair of 129 numbers from 5 Woredas participated in a two phased acceptability and preference tests to first select two of the most preferred products out of 4 (Chickpea only; Chickpea+Soy; Chickpea+Maize+Soy; and Chickpea+Maize) and then went on assessing the sensory acceptability of the two selected RUSF products with a cohort type study design. Results: Out of the four products, chickpea only was selected to pass to the second phase evaluation of acceptability test and chickpea+soya joins it with random selection owing to the statistical similarity of the rest of the three products. Similarly, Chickpea only was better accepted product out of the two during the 6 days acceptability assessment of the study excelling in 8 of the 9 study variables/quality parameters. Both products has a mean value of more than 4 in most of the study parameter indicating that they were well accepted by the study participants. Conclusions: Chickpea only and chickpea+soya were well accepted and the study concluded that follow on effectiveness study should be carried out to assess the nutritional adequacy of the RUSF products so that it can be put in nutrition programs for MAM treatment.